[大纲词汇] stand for 代替，代表，意味着

　　[经典例句] BBC stand for British Broadcasting Company.
　　
　　30. privilege 特权

　　[大纲词汇] privilege n.特权，优惠，特许；v. 给予优惠，给予特权

　　[经典例句] Education is a privilege in countries where there are still not many schools.
　　
　　31. granted by 给予

　　[大纲词汇] grant v.同意，准予；给予，授予；n.授予物

　　[经典例句] He was finally granted an entry visa by the British Embassy.
　　
　　32. foremost 首要的

　　[扩充词汇] foremost a. 最前的，最先的；首要的，杰出的

　　[经典例句] He is considered the foremost artist in his country.
　　
　　33. readjust 重新调整

　　[大纲词汇] adjust v.调整，调节；校正

　　[衍生词汇] readjust v.重新调整，使重新适应

　　[构词方法] re-前缀，表示又，再，重新
　　
　　[联想记忆] reappear v.再现 remarry v.再婚

　　[经典例句] The government readjust its policy on import and export.
　　
　　34. no other than 正是

　　[大纲词汇] other than 不同于

　　[扩充词汇] no other than 正是

　　[经典例句] Taking his money away is no other than killing him.
　　
　　35. emergence 出现

　　[大纲词汇] emerge v.浮现，出现

　　[衍生词汇] emergence n.出现，浮现；露头

　　[词汇比较] emergency n.紧急情况，突发事件，非常时刻注意；两词虽只有一个字母之差，但意思截然不同，注意区分

　　[经典例句] The past ten years witnessed the emergence of many new enterprises.
　　
　　36. enforcement 实施

　　[大纲词汇] enforce v.实行，执行；强制

　　[衍生词汇] enforcement n.实施，强制执行 enforceable a.可执行的

　　[经典例句] Many people are against the enforcement of the new Tax Law.

In the last half of the nineteenth century capital and labor were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. At the same time the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.
　　
　　The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. All through the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world's movement towards industrialization. Towns like B

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