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  • 考研英语英汉翻译历年真题汇编(2)

    作者:admin    文章来源:本站原创    点击数:    更新时间:2009-10-22
    ble,and the value of intelligence testing has been proved thoroughly.Its value lies,of course,in its providing a satisfactory basis for prediction.No one is in the least interested in the marks a little child gets on his test;what we are interested in is whether we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think requiregeneral intelligence.(75)On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence,but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with whom he is being compared,and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.

      1992年英译汉试题参考译文

      智力充其量只是一个假设性的概念,因为智力的含义从来就是模糊的。(71)人们对智力所指的不同表现,比对这些表现如何进行解释或分类,看法更为一致。但是一般认为,智力好的人是能够迅速领会思想、区分事物、进行逻辑推理并运用文字和数字符号来解决问题的人。智力测验只是粗略衡量一个儿童学习学校所要求的不同知识的能力。智力测验并不测定人的品格、社会适应能力、身体耐力、手工技能或艺术才能。智力测试没有这样的任务,因为它并不是为这样的用途而设计的。(72)批评智力测试不反映上述情况,就犹如批评温度计不测风速一样

      我们要注意的另一件事是,对任何测试对象的智力评估基本上是比较而言的事。

      (73)既然对智力的评估是比较而言的事,那么我们必须确保,在对我们的对象进行比较时,我们所使用的尺度能提供有效的或公平的比较。由此而产生一些引起我们关注的问题。进行任何测试至少要包含三个因素:尽力考好测试的意向,了解要参加考试所需要的知识,以及做这件事情的智能。(74)如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话,那么对所有比较对象来说,前两个因素必须是一样的。在我们培养的学生中,上述设想可以公平合理。这就完全证明了智力测试的价值。它的价值当然就在它对预测提供了满意的依据。没有人丝毫会对一个儿童在测试中所取得的分数感兴趣。我们感兴趣的是,我们能否从他测试的成绩中得出结论:这个儿童和与他年龄相同的其他儿童相比,在完成我们认为需要一般智力的任务时,他会做得更好还是更差。(75)总的来说,得出这种结论是有一定程度把握的,但是必须具备两个条件:能够假定这个孩子对测试的态度和与他比较的另一些孩子的态度相同;他也没有因为缺乏别的孩子已掌握的有关知识而被扣分

      4.1993年英译汉试题及参考译文

      (71)The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind;it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.There is no more difference,but there is just the same kind of difference,between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person,as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales,and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graded weights.(72)It is not that the scales in the one case,and the balance in the other,differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working;but that the latter is much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former.

      You will understand this better,perhaps,if I give you some familiar examples.(73)You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction(归纳法)and deduction,that by the help of these operations,they,in a sort of sense,manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws,and that out of these,by some special skill of their own,they build up their theories.(74)And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these proc

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  • [考研英语]考研英语英汉翻译历年真题汇编  
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